A pressure ulcer is defined as a localized injury to the skin or underlying tissue that occurs as a result of prolonged pressure or shear forces. These injuries commonly develop over bony prominence areas, where the skin is at risk due to reduced blood flow, often seen in individuals with limited mobility.
The primary cause of pressure ulcers is the continuous pressure on skin and tissues, which can impair blood circulation and lead to tissue ischemia, resulting in potential necrosis if not addressed. Additionally, shear forces can further complicate the integrity of the skin by causing layers to slide against one another, exacerbating the risk of injury.
Understanding this definition is crucial in wound care, as it informs prevention strategies and treatment protocols, particularly in vulnerable populations such as the elderly or immobile patients. The other options describe different types of injuries or issues. Burns relate to thermal or chemical damage, infections pertain to microbial invasion of wounds, and moisture exposure would lead to conditions like dermatitis, but none of these directly define a pressure ulcer.